Cardiac Output Volume Time Integral Calculator

This calculator estimates cardiac output using echocardiographic volume time integral measurements, providing an alternative to the standard stroke volume method when stroke volume cannot be directly measured.

Input Parameters

Calculation Results

Calculation Formula

Cardiac Output (CO) = VTI × Heart Rate

Where:
VTI: Ventricular Volume Time Integral (cm³)
Heart Rate: Beats per minute (bpm)
CO: Cardiac Output (L/min)

Results

Estimated Cardiac Output:
Note: This is an estimation method and may have limitations compared to direct measurement methods.

Cardiac Output Volume Time Integral Calculator Usage Guide

Learn how to use the Cardiac Output Volume Time Integral Calculator and its working principles

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the Ventricular Volume Time Integral (VTI) measurement from your echocardiogram. This represents the area under the ventricular volume curve during one cardiac cycle.
  2. Input your patient's Heart Rate (measured in beats per minute).
  3. Select the appropriate Ventricular Type (Left or Right) if the measurement was taken from that specific ventricle.
  4. Click the Calculate button to compute the estimated cardiac output.
  5. The calculator will display the estimated cardiac output in liters per minute (L/min).

Understanding VTI

The Volume Time Integral (VTI) is a measure of stroke volume obtained from echocardiography by integrating the area under the ventricular volume curve during one cardiac cycle. It provides an alternative to direct stroke volume measurements when needed.

Clinical Applications

This method is particularly useful in situations where:

  • Direct stroke volume measurement is difficult or unavailable
  • Cardiac output needs to be estimated quickly
  • Serial measurements are needed for trend analysis
  • Echocardiographic assessment is the primary imaging modality available

Limitations

While useful, this method has some limitations:

  • Accuracy depends on the quality of the echocardiographic images
  • May not be accurate in patients with severe valve disease
  • Doesn't account for variations in ventricular compliance
  • Provides an estimate rather than a direct measurement