pH to Hydrogen Ion Concentration Calculator

Convert pH values to hydrogen ion concentration (H⁺) in moles per liter (M). This calculator is useful for chemistry students, lab technicians, and scientists working with acid-base chemistry.

Input Parameters

Enter a value between 0 and 14. Lower values indicate stronger acids.

Calculation Results

Calculation Formula

H⁺ = 10-pH M

Where:
pH is the measure of acidity or alkalinity
H⁺ represents the hydrogen ion concentration
M stands for molarity (moles per liter)

Result in moles per liter (M)

pH to Hydrogen Ion Concentration Calculator Usage Guide

Learn how to use the pH to Hydrogen Ion Concentration Calculator and its working principles

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the pH value between 0 and 14 in the input field. Remember that:
    • A pH of 7 is neutral
    • A pH less than 7 is acidic (lower pH means stronger acid)
    • A pH greater than 7 is alkaline (higher pH means stronger base)
  2. Click the "Calculate" button to convert the pH to hydrogen ion concentration.
  3. The result will be displayed in moles per liter (M), also known as molarity.
  4. For very small concentrations, the result will be shown in scientific notation (exponential format).

Understanding the Formula

The calculator uses the following mathematical relationship:

H⁺ = 10-pH M

This means that the hydrogen ion concentration is equal to 10 raised to the power of the negative pH value. For example, a pH of 3 has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.001 M (10-3 M).

Practical Applications

This calculator is useful in various fields:

  • Chemistry laboratories for preparing acid and base solutions
  • Environmental science for measuring water quality
  • Medicine for monitoring blood pH levels
  • Food industry for controlling acidity in products

Example Calculation

If you measure the pH of a solution to be 4.5, you can calculate the hydrogen ion concentration as follows:

  1. Identify the pH value: 4.5
  2. Apply the formula: H⁺ = 10-4.5 M
  3. Calculate the result: H⁺ ≈ 3.16 × 10-5 M