How to Use the Calculator
- Enter the pH value of your solution (typically between 0 and 14)
- Set the temperature of your solution in degrees Celsius
- Specify the reference cell potential in millivolts (typically 0 for standard measurements)
- Click the "Calculate" button to compute the voltage output
- The calculator uses the Nernst equation to convert pH to voltage
Working Principle
This calculator uses the Nernst equation to convert pH measurements to voltage outputs. The Nernst equation relates the electrical potential of an electrochemical cell to the concentration of ions in solution.
The formula used is:
E = E₀ + (RT/nF) * ln(10^(-pH))
Where:
- E is the cell potential in volts
- E₀ is the reference cell potential in volts
- R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K))
- T is the temperature in Kelvin
- n is the number of electrons transferred (typically 1 for pH measurements)
- F is Faraday's constant (96485.34 C/mol)
- pH is the pH value of the solution
Applications
This calculator is useful in various fields including:
- Environmental monitoring of water quality
- Industrial process control
- Chemical analysis
- Academic research