Groundwater Velocity Calculator

Calculate groundwater velocity using Darcy's Law. Enter hydraulic conductivity, cross-sectional area, and hydraulic gradient to determine flow velocity.

Input Parameters

Calculation Results

Calculation Formula

Q = K × i × A

V = Q ÷ A

Where:
Q = Discharge Velocity (m/day)
K = Hydraulic Conductivity (m/day)
i = Hydraulic Gradient
A = Cross-Sectional Area (m²)
V = Groundwater Velocity (m/day)

Results

Discharge Velocity (Q): 0.00 m/day
Groundwater Velocity (V): 0.00 m/day

Groundwater Velocity Calculator Usage Guide

Learn how to use the Groundwater Velocity Calculator and understand Darcy's Law for groundwater flow

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the Hydraulic Conductivity (K) of the aquifer material in meters per day (m/day). This measures how easily water can move through the material.
  2. Enter the Cross-Sectional Area (A) of the flow path in square meters (m²). This is the area perpendicular to the direction of flow.
  3. Enter the Hydraulic Gradient (i), which is the change in hydraulic head per unit distance (dimensionless). You can calculate this as the difference in water levels divided by the distance between them.
  4. Click the Calculate button to compute the groundwater velocity.
  5. Use the Reset button to clear all inputs and start over.

Understanding Darcy's Law

Darcy's Law describes the flow of groundwater through porous media. It states that the discharge velocity (Q/A) is proportional to the hydraulic gradient (i) and hydraulic conductivity (K).

The formula used in this calculator is:

V = K × i

Where V is the groundwater velocity (m/day).

Applications

  • Estimating the rate at which contaminants might move through an aquifer
  • Designing groundwater remediation systems
  • Assessing the potential for saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers
  • Understanding natural groundwater flow patterns

Note: This calculator provides a simplified calculation of groundwater velocity. In real-world applications, additional factors such as temporal variations, boundary conditions, and heterogeneity of the aquifer may need to be considered.